Rootstock Chart
110R (Richter 110)
Best Use: Dry, rocky, low-vigour sites
Vigor: High
Phylloxera: Strong
Nematodes: Moderate
Drought Tolerance: Excellent
Ideal Soils: Rocky, gravelly, low-fertility soils
Notes: Popular in warm climates; gives strong vigor for reds.
1103P (Paulsen 1103)
Best Use: Warm, drought-prone regions
Vigor: High
Phylloxera: Strong
Nematodes: Moderate
Drought Tolerance: Excellent
Ideal Soils: Limestone, droughty clays, high-pH soils
Notes: Excellent drought rootstock with wide soil tolerance.
140Ru (Ruggeri 140)
Best Use: Extremely dry, harsh sites
Vigor: Very High
Phylloxera: Strong
Nematodes: Good
Drought Tolerance: Exceptional
Ideal Soils: Gravelly, rocky, sandy, or extremely droughty soils
Notes: Very vigorous — not recommended for fertile soils.
SO4 (Selection Oppenheim 4)
Best Use: Cooler, fertile, moist regions
Vigor: Medium
Phylloxera: Good
Nematodes: Low–Moderate
Drought Tolerance: Low
Ideal Soils: Fertile loams, deep alluvial soils with moisture
Notes: Performs best with consistent water.
3309C (Couderc 3309)
Best Use: Controlling vigor in fertile sites
Vigor: Low–Medium
Phylloxera: Good
Nematodes: Poor
Drought Tolerance: Low
Ideal Soils: Fertile, moist soils; avoids droughty sands
Notes: Popular for cooler climates and vigor reduction.
039-16
Best Use: Fanleaf-infected sites
Vigor: Low–Medium
Phylloxera: Resistant
Nematodes:
• ✔ Resistant to dagger nematodes that transmit Fanleaf Virus
• ✖ Highly susceptible to Root Knot nematodes
Drought Tolerance: Low
Ideal Soils: Deep, fertile, well-drained loams; avoid sandy, nematode-prone soils
Notes: Specialized rootstock for Fanleaf situations only.
Schwarzmann
Best Use: Very high-fertility sites
Vigor: Low
Phylloxera: Moderate
Nematodes: Poor
Drought Tolerance: Low
Ideal Soils: Deep, fertile soils with reliable irrigation
Notes: Excellent for vigor control; sensitive to stress.
5BB (Kober 5BB)
Best Use: Vigorous sites with reliable water
Vigor: High
Phylloxera: Good
Nematodes: Moderate
Drought Tolerance: Medium
Ideal Soils: Fertile loams, clay-loams, moisture-retentive soils
Notes: Can cause excess vigor on fertile sites.
5C (Teleki 5C)
Best Use: Fertile soils where moderate vigor is needed
Vigor: Low–Medium
Phylloxera: Good
Nematodes: Low
Drought Tolerance: Medium
Ideal Soils: Deep loams, clay-loams with steady moisture
Notes: More balanced than 5BB; good for managing growth.
420A
Best Use: Low-vigor sites or vigor reduction
Vigor: Very Low
Phylloxera: Good
Nematodes: Low
Drought Tolerance: Low
Ideal Soils: Deep, fertile soils
Notes: Excellent for aromatic whites needing low vigor.